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--- robots:hako:controlspec:welcome [2012/10/02 15:38]
karina [System concept]
+++ robots:hako:controlspec:welcome [2021/08/14 04:21] (current)
@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 The system will have three (major) operational modes:
-.	Off: This mode is characterized by no power to the electronic control system, except for the GT 2000 and the GPS system. The ESX may be constantly powered according to the document ESX_HILFE and the power switching performed using the power control input D+ (0 Volt by Off mode).\\
+  - Off: This mode is characterized by no power to the electronic control system, except for the GT 2000 and the GPS system. The ESX may be constantly powered according to the document ESX_HILFE and the power switching performed using the power control input D+ (0 Volt by Off mode).\\
+  - Remote: The system (mainly steering, CVT and engine rpm) is functioning in remote control mode. The actuator control inputs are potentiometers and switches in a box (control panel) and are connected to an electric switch by cable. The ESX outputs are kept in the state corresponding to switching to mode Automatic. (It is assumed that later the ESX will perform simulation reporting to the RS 232 monitoring output which the controls to the outputs would have been if in mode Automatic).\\
+  - Automatic: The control system is functioning for autonomous operation. In this mode the actuator control inputs are switched to the ESX outputs by relays.
+^Operation mode^^
+|Sensor: Multi-position key switch.<html><br></html> 1 = Off<html><br></html> 2 = Remote<html><br></html> 3 = Automatic|Sensor output:<html><br></html>1 = ESX input D+, 0 Volt alternative open relay contact.<html><br></html>2-3: “Mode control relay”:<html><br></html> 2 = Relay contact, open<html><br></html> 3 = Relay contact, closed|
+By switching to mode Automatic the ESX outputs must be in the automatic driving start-up conditions, which are: The steering is set to centre (straight forward), Diesel pump is set to idle, CVT is set to neutral and relays for 3-point linkage, PTO and engine stop are un-powered.
+(By extension of the ESX functions it is expected that e.g. sensor signal inconsistencies will be used for failure checking to ensure a gracefull system degradation).
+**__1 Steering__**\\
+In the driving modes “Remote control” and “Automatic” a Danfoss PVG 32 proportional valve controls the hydraulic steering normally controlled by the steering wheel hydraulic steering unit. The controlled hydraulic flow will approximately depend linearly of the control voltage. The actuation of the PVG 32 is controlled by an analogue signal from the ESX.
+The steering angle is measured by potentiometers at both front wheels. The potentiometer signals are conditioned to suit the ESX input voltage range.
+Set point for average steering angle is determined by GT 2000.
+^Steering^^
+|Actuator: Danfoss PVG32, spool type AA (may-be other), electric proportional actuation type PVES.|Actuator input: ESX interface for Danfoss PVG32|
+|Sensor: 2 potentiometers (front wheel steering angles), with output voltage range conversion electronics.|Sensor output, conditioned: Analogue voltage, range 1 - 4 V (Alternative may be suggested by Mech@tronic IT)|
+Remarks:\\
+Hydrostatic steering layout: Estimated hydraulic flow 1.7 l/min by maximum power steering angular velocity, PVG32 spool suggested: Type AA ( 5 l/min, smallest available type. Standard PC spool). (Smallest available type with a linear flow variant is type B, 25 l/min).
+Danfoss suggests proportional electrical actuation type PVES. Mech@tronic IT specifies the valve actuation unit suiting the ESX.
+AgroTechnology makes the voltage range conversion electronics for the potentiometers.
+Hakotrac: Steering angle end to end, estimated 90°. Wheel base: 1597 mm.
+**__2 Diesel pump__**\\
+A Linak LA 12 electromechanical linear actuator controlled by a Soft Servo 20 controller will perform the control of the diesel pump. The ESX will output the position set point for the Soft Servo 20 as a pulse with modulated signal (PWM). A specially made PMW/analogue converter will convert this signal to the analogue input signal for the Soft Servo 20.
+Feed back of engine RPM to the ESX will be from an inductive sensor by the engine shaft.
+Engine RPM set point is determined by the GT 2000.
+^Engine RPM^^
+|Actuator: Linak LA 12 linear actuator; with position controller|Actuator input: PWM signal (250 Hz, 0-12V) from ESX to PWM/analogue converter.|
+|Sensor: Inductive sensor|Sensor output: Open collector signal (0-12 V square wave), 3 impulses per rev.|
+Remarks:\\
+Engine RPM range: 1250-2550 RPM.
+AgroTechnology makes PWM/analog converter to control SoftServo 20 from ESX PWM output.
+**__3 Continuously variable transmission (CVT)__**\\
+The Hako tractor has a hydraulic continuously variable transmission without a conventional clutch. Standstill is near the middle of the control range, which goes from full backwards to full forwards.
+A Linak LA 12 electromechanical linear actuator controlled by a Soft Servo 20 controller will perform the control of the CVT. The ESX will output the position set point for the Soft Servo 20 as a pulse with modulated signal (PWM). A specially made PMW/analogue converter will convert this signal to the analogue input signal for the Soft Servo 20.
+The corresponding driving velocity feedback to the ESX will be from a non-contacting sensor at the shaft to the front wheel differential.
+The set point for the tractor velocity is determined by the GT 2000.
+^Continously variable transmission (CVT)^^
+|Actuator: Linak LA 12 linear actuator; with position controller|Actuator input: PWM signal (250 Hz, 0-12V) from ESX to PWM/analogue converter.|
+|Sensor: Inductive sensor|Sensor output: Open collector signal (0-12 V square wave)|
+Remarks:\\
+AgroTechnology makes PWM/analog converter to control SoftServo 20 from ESX PWM output.
+The velocity sensor cannot show if driving is forwards or backwards, instead the velocity sign has to be derived from the actuation setpoint output by the ESX (open loop control conditions). The CVT neutral position is signalled by a micro switch, which is sensing the mechanical position of the CVT control arm.
+**__4 Three-point linkage rear__**\\
+The control of the 3-point linkage is by an electric 3-position switch. Actuation from the ESX will be performed by two electromagnetic relays.
+The upper lift arm angle is measured by a potentiometer. The potentiometer signal is conditioned to suit the ESX input voltage range.
+^3-point linkage rear^^
+|Actuator: 2 relays: “3-point linkage up”, “3-point linkage down”.|Actuator input: 2 binary signals (0-12 V, x00 mA)<html><br></html>Active = relay powered|
+|Sensor: Potentiometer with range conversion electronics.|Sensor output: Analogue voltage, range 1 - 4 V|
+Remarks:\\
+AgroTechnology makes the range conversion electronics for the potentiometer.
+**__5 Binary controls__**\\
+.1 PTO rear:\\
+Relay.
+^PTO rear^^
+|Actuator: Relay: “PTO rear”.|Actuator input: Binary signal (0-12 V, x00 mA)<html><br></html>PTO on = relay powered|
+.2 Engine stop:\\
+Relay with contact in series with solenoid valve for diesel pump fuel supply.
+^Engine stop^^
+|Actuator: Relay: “Engine stop”.|Actuator input: Binary signal (0-12 V, x00 mA)<html><br></html>Stop motor = relay powered|
+Remarks:\\
+Before stopping the steering is set to centre (straight forward), Diesel pump is set to idle, CVT is set to neutral and relays for 3-point linkage and PTO are un-powered. The motor stop relay stays powered until operation mode is switched to Remote, however it must at least be powered for 20 seconds independent of operation mode.
+.3 ESX ready:\\
+Signal showing if ESX has been initiated and is functional for the defined tasks.
+^ESX ready^^
+|Actuator: Relay: “ESX ready”.|Actuator input: Binary signal (0-12 V, x00 mA)<html><br></html>ESX ready = relay powered|
+.4 Emergency stop:\\
+(It was discussed if it would be relevant having a possibility for the ESX to break the hardwired safety loop circuit. The possibility will be left out until a relevant argument appears.)
+.5 Warning signal for driverless operation:\\
+(The function will be part of the hardwired system.)
+**__6 Binary feed backs to ESX__**\\
+.1 Operation mode:\\
+See system concepts.
+.2 CVT in neutral position:\\
+^CVT neutral^^
+|Sensor: Micro switch controlling relay: “CVT neutral”.|Sensor output: Contact signal, make = CVT neutral|
+**__7 Action monitoring system via RS 232__**\\
+  * Selected parameters
+  * Sample rate
+  * (Preliminary)
-.	Remote: The system (mainly steering, CVT and engine rpm) is functioning in remote control mode. The actuator control inputs are potentiometers and switches in a box (control panel) and are connected to an electric switch by cable. The ESX outputs are kept in the state corresponding to switching to mode Automatic. (It is assumed that later the ESX will perform simulation reporting to the RS 232 monitoring output which the controls to the outputs would have been if in mode Automatic).\\
-.	Automatic: The control system is functioning for autonomous operation. In this mode the actuator control inputs are switched to the ESX outputs by relays.

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